N204

Course Description:

Concepts and principles in the development of diseases and the body’s responses. It describes the natural history of diseases – from the risk and etiologic factors to clinical manifestations and complications – using a conceptual approach from the perspective of human regulatory mechanism.

Course Objectives:

By the end of the semester, you will be able to:

1. Discuss the etiologic and risk factors in development of selected diseases.
2. Describe the physiologic changes that occur at the cellular and organ level, and systemic consequences of specific disease states.
3. Explain the clinical manifestations of specific diseases.
4. Formulate relevant nursing diagnoses and collaborative problems that arise from the physiologic alterations.
5. Develop specific nursing actions aimed at addressing identified problems.
6. Develop criteria to evaluate nursing actions.
7. Maximize critical thinking skills using pathophysiological concepts through learned nursing theories, research, and technologies to current issues and challenges affecting nursing care.
8. Provide safe and holistic care by correctly assessing, interpreting, and developing appropriate high-level nursing care plans for clients with diseases across the lifespan in collaboration with other medical professionals.
9. Elaborate pathophysiological conditions using suitable communication terms with patients from all walks of life.
10. Relate pharmacological interventions in various disease conditions and be able to confidently discuss it during health teachings.

Course Outline:

UNIT I – Alterations in Adaptive and Protective Mechanisms

Module 1: Adaptive and Regulatory Mechanism

Module 2: Cellular Functions: An Overview

Module 3: Alterations in Protective Mechanism: Inflammation and Infection

Module 4: Alterations in Protective Mechanism: Immune Responses

Module 5: Alterations in Protective Mechanism: Cellular Aberration

UNIT II – Alterations in Oxygenation

Module 6: Alterations in Oxygenation: An Overview

Module 7: Alterations in Oxygen-Carrying Capacity

Module 8: Alterations in Pulmonary Gas Exchange

Module 9: Chronic Pulmonary Diseases

Module 10: Alterations in Cardiac Output and Heart Failure

Module 11: Alterations in Circulation and Tissue Perfusion

Unit III – Alterations in Fluid and Electrolytes Balance

Module 12: Overview of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Module13: Alterations in Fluid Volume

Module 14: Alterations in Osmolality of Body Fluid (Osmotic Imbalances)

Module 15: Alterations in Ionic Concentration (Compositional Changes)

Module 16: Alterations in Acid-Base Balance

Module 17: Renal and Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances

UNIT IV – Alterations in Perception and Coordination

Module 18: Concepts of Perception and Coordination

Module 19: Increased Intracranial Pressures, Seizures and Stroke

Module 20: Pain

Module 21: Alterations in Mobility

Module 22: Alterations in Visual-Auditory and Sensory Perception

UNIT V – Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition

Module 23: Concepts on Metabolism, Endocrine Functions and Nutrition

Module 24: Alterations in Gastrointestinal Functions: Ingestion and Transportation

Module 25: Alterations in Gastrointestinal Functions: Digestion and Absorption

Module 26: Alterations in Gastrointestinal Functions: Elimination

Module 27: Alterations in Glucose Metabolism

Module 28: Alterations in Thyroid Metabolism

UNIT VI – Alterations in Reproduction

Module 29: Impaired Fertility

Module 30: Alterations of the Feta-Placental Unit